Happy National Drinking Water Week! We hope that you take this opportunity to increase the amount of water in your daily diet.
From time to time, the media will pick up on the issue of fluoride supplements that are added to city water supplies. Our patients often wonder if fluoridation is something they should be concerned about. We encourage you to be informed about anything you put in your body and know that there are conflicting reports on the benefits of fluoride. Below are some Fluoride Facts that you should know.
What is fluoride?
Fluorine, from which fluoride is derived, is a naturally occurring element that is released into the environment through both water and air.
Why fluoride?
While some amounts of fluoride are naturally present in groundwater, for the past 50 years municipal water supplies have been supplemented because of the realization that fluoride was an effective way to prevent tooth decay and thus cavities. Fluoride works by stopping or even reversing the decay process by preventing the loss of important minerals found in tooth enamel. Fluoridation of community water supplies has been credited with reducing tooth decay by 50%-60% since World War II.
How much fluoride?
Fluoride is measured in parts per million (ppm) in drinking water. In 1974, Congress passed the Safe Drinking Water Act. This law requires the EPA to monitor drinking water and establish safe levels of supplements and contaminants, assuming consumption of drinking water over a lifetime. The EPA has set the maximum level for fluoride at 4.00 ppm based on the best science available. The EPA has also set a secondary standard on fluoride at 2.0 ppm. Secondary guidelines regulate cosmetic (skin or tooth discoloration) or aesthetic effects (odor, taste, color, etc.) The secondary standards are recommended by the EPA, but not enforced. States can choose to make the secondary set of standards enforceable within their state.
Local law sets the limit of water fluoridation at a minimum of 1.0 ppm not to exceed 1. 5ppm.
Rochester Public Utilities tests drinking water monthly. Each year Rochester Public Utilities releases an annual report on water quality. The entire report for 2010 (the most recent data available) can be found here. Natural groundwater in the Rochester area contains about .23 ppm of fluoride. In the over 2600 water quality tests performed in 2010 across Rochester, fluoride levels were measured between 1.0 ppm to 1.44 ppm with an average of 1.25 ppm.
Is fluoride safe?
Children under the age of 6 can develop white spots on their teeth, called fluorosis, from the overconsumption of fluoride. (This does not mean topical treatment.) While drinking the tap water in Olmsted County should be safe, we recommend that children use fluoride-free toothpaste until they consistently spit into the sink while brushing. If you do notice white spots developing on your young child’s teeth, contact our office and we can help you make adjustments to diet or habit to reduce the effects of fluorosis.
Older children and adults in Rochester should feel confident consuming tap water based on the numbers above combined with using toothpaste fortified with fluoride.
How often?
In addition to drinking tap water and using fortified toothpaste, Dr. Toney recommends a topical fluoride treatment for most patients at least once per year. If, for any reason, you drink bottled water primarily, are on well water or choose beverages besides tap water primarily, please inform Deanna or Dr. Toney at your next appointment. Many of the concerns regarding fluoride pertain only to the ingestion of fluoride and topical applications are still beneficial to your dental health.
Not only is drinking tap water good for your overall health, doing so reduces the amount of water bottles needing to be recycled each year. Those are two great reasons to smile!
Sources:
www.adha.org
www.rpu.org
www.rochestermn.gov